manpagez: man pages & more
man git-for-each-ref(1)
Home | html | info | man
git-for-each-ref(1)               Git Manual               git-for-each-ref(1)


NAME

       git-for-each-ref - Output information on each ref


SYNOPSIS

       git for-each-ref [--count=<count>] [--shell|--perl|--python|--tcl]
                          [(--sort=<key>)...] [--format=<format>]
                          [--include-root-refs] [ --stdin | <pattern>... ]
                          [--points-at=<object>]
                          [--merged[=<object>]] [--no-merged[=<object>]]
                          [--contains[=<object>]] [--no-contains[=<object>]]
                          [--exclude=<pattern> ...]



DESCRIPTION

       Iterate over all refs that match <pattern> and show them according to
       the given <format>, after sorting them according to the given set of
       <key>. If <count> is given, stop after showing that many refs. The
       interpolated values in <format> can optionally be quoted as string
       literals in the specified host language allowing their direct
       evaluation in that language.


OPTIONS

       <pattern>...
           If one or more patterns are given, only refs are shown that match
           against at least one pattern, either using fnmatch(3) or literally,
           in the latter case matching completely or from the beginning up to
           a slash.

       --stdin
           If --stdin is supplied, then the list of patterns is read from
           standard input instead of from the argument list.

       --count=<count>
           By default the command shows all refs that match <pattern>. This
           option makes it stop after showing that many refs.

       --sort=<key>
           A field name to sort on. Prefix - to sort in descending order of
           the value. When unspecified, refname is used. You may use the
           --sort=<key> option multiple times, in which case the last key
           becomes the primary key.

       --format=<format>
           A string that interpolates %(fieldname) from a ref being shown and
           the object it points at. In addition, the string literal %% renders
           as % and %xx - where xx are hex digits - renders as the character
           with hex code xx. For example, %00 interpolates to \0 (NUL), %09 to
           \t (TAB), and %0a to \n (LF).

           When unspecified, <format> defaults to %(objectname) SPC
           %(objecttype) TAB %(refname).

       --color[=<when>]
           Respect any colors specified in the --format option. The <when>
           field must be one of always, never, or auto (if <when> is absent,
           behave as if always was given).

       --shell, --perl, --python, --tcl
           If given, strings that substitute %(fieldname) placeholders are
           quoted as string literals suitable for the specified host language.
           This is meant to produce a scriptlet that can directly be `eval`ed.

       --points-at=<object>
           Only list refs which points at the given object.

       --merged[=<object>]
           Only list refs whose tips are reachable from the specified commit
           (HEAD if not specified).

       --no-merged[=<object>]
           Only list refs whose tips are not reachable from the specified
           commit (HEAD if not specified).

       --contains[=<object>]
           Only list refs which contain the specified commit (HEAD if not
           specified).

       --no-contains[=<object>]
           Only list refs which don't contain the specified commit (HEAD if
           not specified).

       --ignore-case
           Sorting and filtering refs are case insensitive.

       --omit-empty
           Do not print a newline after formatted refs where the format
           expands to the empty string.

       --exclude=<pattern>
           If one or more patterns are given, only refs which do not match any
           excluded pattern(s) are shown. Matching is done using the same
           rules as <pattern> above.

       --include-root-refs
           List root refs (HEAD and pseudorefs) apart from regular refs.


FIELD NAMES

       Various values from structured fields in referenced objects can be used
       to interpolate into the resulting output, or as sort keys.

       For all objects, the following names can be used:

       refname
           The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/). For a non-ambiguous
           short name of the ref append :short. The option
           core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict abbreviation
           mode. If lstrip=<N> (rstrip=<N>) is appended, strips <N>
           slash-separated path components from the front (back) of the
           refname (e.g.  %(refname:lstrip=2) turns refs/tags/foo into foo and
           %(refname:rstrip=2) turns refs/tags/foo into refs). If <N> is a
           negative number, strip as many path components as necessary from
           the specified end to leave -<N> path components (e.g.
           %(refname:lstrip=-2) turns refs/tags/foo into tags/foo and
           %(refname:rstrip=-1) turns refs/tags/foo into refs). When the ref
           does not have enough components, the result becomes an empty string
           if stripping with positive <N>, or it becomes the full refname if
           stripping with negative <N>. Neither is an error.

           strip can be used as a synonym to lstrip.

       objecttype
           The type of the object (blob, tree, commit, tag).

       objectsize
           The size of the object (the same as git cat-file -s reports).
           Append :disk to get the size, in bytes, that the object takes up on
           disk. See the note about on-disk sizes in the CAVEATS section
           below.

       objectname
           The object name (aka SHA-1). For a non-ambiguous abbreviation of
           the object name append :short. For an abbreviation of the object
           name with desired length append :short=<length>, where the minimum
           length is MINIMUM_ABBREV. The length may be exceeded to ensure
           unique object names.

       deltabase
           This expands to the object name of the delta base for the given
           object, if it is stored as a delta. Otherwise it expands to the
           null object name (all zeroes).

       upstream
           The name of a local ref which can be considered "upstream" from the
           displayed ref. Respects :short, :lstrip and :rstrip in the same way
           as refname above. Additionally respects :track to show "[ahead N,
           behind M]" and :trackshort to show the terse version: ">" (ahead),
           "<" (behind), "<>" (ahead and behind), or "=" (in sync).  :track
           also prints "[gone]" whenever unknown upstream ref is encountered.
           Append :track,nobracket to show tracking information without
           brackets (i.e "ahead N, behind M").

           For any remote-tracking branch %(upstream), %(upstream:remotename)
           and %(upstream:remoteref) refer to the name of the remote and the
           name of the tracked remote ref, respectively. In other words, the
           remote-tracking branch can be updated explicitly and individually
           by using the refspec %(upstream:remoteref):%(upstream) to fetch
           from %(upstream:remotename).

           Has no effect if the ref does not have tracking information
           associated with it. All the options apart from nobracket are
           mutually exclusive, but if used together the last option is
           selected.

       push
           The name of a local ref which represents the @{push} location for
           the displayed ref. Respects :short, :lstrip, :rstrip, :track,
           :trackshort, :remotename, and :remoteref options as upstream does.
           Produces an empty string if no @{push} ref is configured.

       HEAD
           * if HEAD matches current ref (the checked out branch), ' '
           otherwise.

       color
           Change output color. Followed by :<colorname>, where color names
           are described under Values in the "CONFIGURATION FILE" section of
           git-config(1). For example, %(color:bold red).

       align
           Left-, middle-, or right-align the content between %(align:...) and
           %(end). The "align:" is followed by width=<width> and
           position=<position> in any order separated by a comma, where the
           <position> is either left, right or middle, default being left and
           <width> is the total length of the content with alignment. For
           brevity, the "width=" and/or "position=" prefixes may be omitted,
           and bare <width> and <position> used instead. For instance,
           %(align:<width>,<position>). If the contents length is more than
           the width then no alignment is performed. If used with --quote
           everything in between %(align:...) and %(end) is quoted, but if
           nested then only the topmost level performs quoting.

       if
           Used as %(if)...%(then)...%(end) or
           %(if)...%(then)...%(else)...%(end). If there is an atom with value
           or string literal after the %(if) then everything after the %(then)
           is printed, else if the %(else) atom is used, then everything after
           %(else) is printed. We ignore space when evaluating the string
           before %(then), this is useful when we use the %(HEAD) atom which
           prints either "*" or " " and we want to apply the if condition only
           on the HEAD ref. Append ":equals=<string>" or ":notequals=<string>"
           to compare the value between the %(if:...) and %(then) atoms with
           the given string.

       symref
           The ref which the given symbolic ref refers to. If not a symbolic
           ref, nothing is printed. Respects the :short, :lstrip and :rstrip
           options in the same way as refname above.

       signature
           The GPG signature of a commit.

       signature:grade
           Show "G" for a good (valid) signature, "B" for a bad signature, "U"
           for a good signature with unknown validity, "X" for a good
           signature that has expired, "Y" for a good signature made by an
           expired key, "R" for a good signature made by a revoked key, "E" if
           the signature cannot be checked (e.g. missing key) and "N" for no
           signature.

       signature:signer
           The signer of the GPG signature of a commit.

       signature:key
           The key of the GPG signature of a commit.

       signature:fingerprint
           The fingerprint of the GPG signature of a commit.

       signature:primarykeyfingerprint
           The primary key fingerprint of the GPG signature of a commit.

       signature:trustlevel
           The trust level of the GPG signature of a commit. Possible outputs
           are ultimate, fully, marginal, never and undefined.

       worktreepath
           The absolute path to the worktree in which the ref is checked out,
           if it is checked out in any linked worktree. Empty string
           otherwise.

       ahead-behind:<committish>
           Two integers, separated by a space, demonstrating the number of
           commits ahead and behind, respectively, when comparing the output
           ref to the <committish> specified in the format.

       describe[:options]
           A human-readable name, like git-describe(1); empty string for
           undescribable commits. The describe string may be followed by a
           colon and one or more comma-separated options.

           tags=<bool-value>
               Instead of only considering annotated tags, consider
               lightweight tags as well; see the corresponding option in git-
               describe(1) for details.

           abbrev=<number>
               Use at least <number> hexadecimal digits; see the corresponding
               option in git-describe(1) for details.

           match=<pattern>
               Only consider tags matching the given glob(7) pattern,
               excluding the "refs/tags/" prefix; see the corresponding option
               in git-describe(1) for details.

           exclude=<pattern>
               Do not consider tags matching the given glob(7) pattern,
               excluding the "refs/tags/" prefix; see the corresponding option
               in git-describe(1) for details.

       In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header field
       names (tree, parent, object, type, and tag) can be used to specify the
       value in the header field. Fields tree and parent can also be used with
       modifier :short and :short=<length> just like objectname.

       For commit and tag objects, the special creatordate and creator fields
       will correspond to the appropriate date or name-email-date tuple from
       the committer or tagger fields depending on the object type. These are
       intended for working on a mix of annotated and lightweight tags.

       For tag objects, a fieldname prefixed with an asterisk (*) expands to
       the fieldname value of the peeled object, rather than that of the tag
       object itself.

       Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (author, committer,
       and tagger) can be suffixed with name, email, and date to extract the
       named component. For email fields (authoremail, committeremail and
       taggeremail), :trim can be appended to get the email without angle
       brackets, and :localpart to get the part before the @ symbol out of the
       trimmed email. In addition to these, the :mailmap option and the
       corresponding :mailmap,trim and :mailmap,localpart can be used (order
       does not matter) to get values of the name and email according to the
       .mailmap file or according to the file set in the mailmap.file or
       mailmap.blob configuration variable (see gitmailmap(5)).

       The raw data in an object is raw.

       raw:size
           The raw data size of the object.

       Note that --format=%(raw) can not be used with --python, --shell,
       --tcl, because such language may not support arbitrary binary data in
       their string variable type.

       The message in a commit or a tag object is contents, from which
       contents:<part> can be used to extract various parts out of:

       contents:size
           The size in bytes of the commit or tag message.

       contents:subject
           The first paragraph of the message, which typically is a single
           line, is taken as the "subject" of the commit or the tag message.
           Instead of contents:subject, field subject can also be used to
           obtain same results.  :sanitize can be appended to subject for
           subject line suitable for filename.

       contents:body
           The remainder of the commit or the tag message that follows the
           "subject".

       contents:signature
           The optional GPG signature of the tag.

       contents:lines=N
           The first N lines of the message.

       Additionally, the trailers as interpreted by git-interpret-trailers(1)
       are obtained as trailers[:options] (or by using the historical alias
       contents:trailers[:options]). For valid [:option] values see trailers
       section of git-log(1).

       For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric order
       (objectsize, authordate, committerdate, creatordate, taggerdate). All
       other fields are used to sort in their byte-value order.

       There is also an option to sort by versions, this can be done by using
       the fieldname version:refname or its alias v:refname.

       In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to the
       object referred by the ref does not cause an error. It returns an empty
       string instead.

       As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format
       for the date by adding : followed by date format name (see the values
       the --date option to git-rev-list(1) takes). If this formatting is
       provided in a --sort key, references will be sorted according to the
       byte-value of the formatted string rather than the numeric value of the
       underlying timestamp.

       Some atoms like %(align) and %(if) always require a matching %(end). We
       call them "opening atoms" and sometimes denote them as %($open).

       When a scripting language specific quoting is in effect, everything
       between a top-level opening atom and its matching %(end) is evaluated
       according to the semantics of the opening atom and only its result from
       the top-level is quoted.


EXAMPLES

       An example directly producing formatted text. Show the most recent 3
       tagged commits:

           #!/bin/sh

           git for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
           --format='From: %(*authorname) %(*authoremail)
           Subject: %(*subject)
           Date: %(*authordate)
           Ref: %(*refname)

           %(*body)
           ' 'refs/tags'


       A simple example showing the use of shell eval on the output,
       demonstrating the use of --shell. List the prefixes of all heads:

           #!/bin/sh

           git for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname)" refs/heads | \
           while read entry
           do
                   eval "$entry"
                   echo `dirname $ref`
           done


       A bit more elaborate report on tags, demonstrating that the format may
       be an entire script:

           #!/bin/sh

           fmt='
                   r=%(refname)
                   t=%(*objecttype)
                   T=${r#refs/tags/}

                   o=%(*objectname)
                   n=%(*authorname)
                   e=%(*authoremail)
                   s=%(*subject)
                   d=%(*authordate)
                   b=%(*body)

                   kind=Tag
                   if test "z$t" = z
                   then
                           # could be a lightweight tag
                           t=%(objecttype)
                           kind="Lightweight tag"
                           o=%(objectname)
                           n=%(authorname)
                           e=%(authoremail)
                           s=%(subject)
                           d=%(authordate)
                           b=%(body)
                   fi
                   echo "$kind $T points at a $t object $o"
                   if test "z$t" = zcommit
                   then
                           echo "The commit was authored by $n $e
           at $d, and titled

               $s

           Its message reads as:
           "
                           echo "$b" | sed -e "s/^/    /"
                           echo
                   fi
           '

           eval=`git for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
                   --sort='*objecttype' \
                   --sort=-taggerdate \
                   refs/tags`
           eval "$eval"


       An example to show the usage of %(if)...%(then)...%(else)...%(end).
       This prefixes the current branch with a star.

           git for-each-ref --format="%(if)%(HEAD)%(then)* %(else)  %(end)%(refname:short)" refs/heads/


       An example to show the usage of %(if)...%(then)...%(end). This prints
       the authorname, if present.

           git for-each-ref --format="%(refname)%(if)%(authorname)%(then) Authored by: %(authorname)%(end)"



CAVEATS

       Note that the sizes of objects on disk are reported accurately, but
       care should be taken in drawing conclusions about which refs or objects
       are responsible for disk usage. The size of a packed non-delta object
       may be much larger than the size of objects which delta against it, but
       the choice of which object is the base and which is the delta is
       arbitrary and is subject to change during a repack.

       Note also that multiple copies of an object may be present in the
       object database; in this case, it is undefined which copy's size or
       delta base will be reported.


NOTES

       When combining multiple --contains and --no-contains filters, only
       references that contain at least one of the --contains commits and
       contain none of the --no-contains commits are shown.

       When combining multiple --merged and --no-merged filters, only
       references that are reachable from at least one of the --merged commits
       and from none of the --no-merged commits are shown.


SEE ALSO

       git-show-ref(1)


GIT

       Part of the git(1) suite

Git 2.45.0                        2024-04-29               git-for-each-ref(1)

git 2.45.0 - Generated Tue May 7 18:47:54 CDT 2024
© manpagez.com 2000-2024
Individual documents may contain additional copyright information.