psmeca(1) GMT psmeca(1)
NAME
psmeca - Plot focal mechanisms on maps
SYNOPSIS
psmeca [ table ] -Jparameters -Rregion [ -B[p|s]parameters ] [
-C[pen][Ppointsize] ] [ -Ddepmin/depmax ] [ -Efill] [ -Fmode[args] ]
[ -Gfill] [ -K ] [ -L[pen] ] [ -M ] [ -N ] [ -O ] [ -P ] [
-S<format><scale>[/d]] [ -Tnum_of_plane[pen] ] [ -U[stamp] ] [
-V[level] ] [ -Wpen ] [ -Xx_offset ] [ -Yy_offset ] [ -Zcpt] [
-dinodata ] [ -eregexp ] [ -hheaders ] [ -iflags ] [ -ttransp ] [
-:[i|o] ]
Note: No space is allowed between the option flag and the associated
arguments.
DESCRIPTION
psmeca reads data values from files [or standard input] and generates
PostScript code that will plot focal mechanisms on a map. Most options
are the same as for psxy. The PostScript code is written to standard
output.
REQUIRED ARGUMENTS
table One or more ASCII (or binary, see -bi[ncols][type]) data table
file(s) holding a number of data columns. If no tables are given
then we read from standard input.
-Jparameters (more a|)
Select map projection.
-Rwest/east/south/north[/zmin/zmax][+r][+uunit]
west, east, south, and north specify the region of interest, and
you may specify them in decimal degrees or in
[A+-]dd:mm[:ss.xxx][W|E|S|N] format Append +r if lower left and
upper right map coordinates are given instead of w/e/s/n. The
two shorthands -Rg and -Rd stand for global domain (0/360 and
-180/+180 in longitude respectively, with -90/+90 in latitude).
Alternatively for grid creation, give Rcodelon/lat/nx/ny, where
code is a 2-character combination of L, C, R (for left, center,
or right) and T, M, B for top, middle, or bottom. e.g., BL for
lower left. This indicates which point on a rectangular region
the lon/lat coordinate refers to, and the grid dimensions nx and
ny with grid spacings via -I is used to create the corresponding
region. Alternatively, specify the name of an existing grid
file and the -R settings (and grid spacing, if applicable) are
copied from the grid. Appending +uunit expects projected (Carte-
sian) coordinates compatible with chosen -J and we inversely
project to determine actual rectangular geographic region. For
perspective view (-p), optionally append /zmin/zmax. In case of
perspective view (-p), a z-range (zmin, zmax) can be appended to
indicate the third dimension. This needs to be done only when
using the -Jz option, not when using only the -p option. In the
latter case a perspective view of the plane is plotted, with no
third dimension.
-S<format><scale>[/d]
Selects the meaning of the columns in the data file . In order to use
the same file to plot cross-sections, depth is in third column. Never-
theless, it is possible to use aold stylea psvelomeca input files with-
out depth in third column using the -o option.
-Sascale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
Focal mechanisms in Aki and Richards convention. scale adjusts the
scaling of the radius of the abeach balla, which will be proportional
to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5 in inch (unless
c, i, or p is appended). Use the -T option to render the beach ball
transparent by drawing only the nodal planes and the circumference. The
color or shade of the compressive quadrants can be specified with the
-G option. The color or shade of the extensive quadrants can be speci-
fied with the -E option. Append u to have the text appear below the
beach ball (default is above). Parameters are expected to be in the
following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-: option interchanges order) 3:
depth of event in kilometers 4,5,6: strike, dip and rake in degrees
7: magnitude 8,9: longitude, latitude at which to place beach ball.
Entries in these columns are necessary with the -C option. Using 0,0
in columns 8 and 9 will plot the beach ball at the longitude, lati-
tude given in columns 1 and 2. The -: option will interchange the
order of columns (1,2) and (8,9). 10: Text string to appear above
or below the beach ball (optional).
-Scscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
Focal mechanisms in Harvard CMT convention. scale adjusts the scaling
of the radius of the abeach balla, which will be proportional to the
magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5 (that is M0 = 4.0E23
dynes-cm) in inch (unless c, i, or p is appended). Use the -T option
to render the beach ball transparent by drawing only the nodal planes
and the circumference. The color or shade of the compressive quadrants
can be specified with the -G option. The color or shade of the exten-
sive quadrants can be specified with the -E option. Append u to have
the text appear below the beach ball (default is above). Parameters are
expected to be in the following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-: option interchanges order) 3:
depth of event in kilometers 4,5,6: strike, dip, and rake of plane 1
7,8,9: strike, dip, and rake of plane 2 10,11: mantissa and exponent
of moment in dyne-cm 12,13: longitude, latitude at which to place
beach ball. Entries in these columns are necessary with the -C
option. Using (0,0) in columns 12 and 13 will plot the beach ball at
the longitude, latitude given in columns 1 and 2. The -: option will
interchange the order of columns (1,2) and (12,13). 14: Text string
to appear above or below the beach ball (optional).
-Sm|d|zscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
Seismic moment tensor (Harvard CMT, with zero trace). scale adjusts the
scaling of the radius of the abeach balla, which will be proportional
to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5 (that is scalar
seismic moment = 4.0E23 dynes-cm) in inch (unless c, i, m, or p is
appended). (-T0 option overlays best double couple transparently.) Use
-Sm to plot the Harvard CMT seismic moment tensor with zero trace. Use
-Sd to plot only the double couple part of moment tensor. Use -Sz to
plot the anisotropic part of moment tensor (zero trace). The color or
shade of the compressive quadrants can be specified with the -G option.
The color or shade of the extensive quadrants can be specified with the
-E option. Append u to have the text appear below the beach ball
(default is above). Parameters are expected to be in the following col-
umns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-: option interchanges order) 3:
depth of event in kilometers 4,5,6,7,8,9: mrr, mtt, mff, mrt, mrf,
mtf in 10*exponent dynes-cm 10: exponent 11,12: longitude, latitude
at which to place beach ball. Entries in these columns are necessary
with the -C option. Using (0,0) in columns 11 and 12 will plot the
beach ball at the longitude, latitude given in columns 1 and 2. The
-: option will interchange the order of columns (1,2) and (11,12).
13: Text string to appear above or below the beach ball (optional).
-Spscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
Focal mechanisms given with partial data on both planes. scale adjusts
the scaling of the radius of the abeach balla, which will be propor-
tional to the magnitude. Scale is the size for magnitude = 5 in inch
(unless c, i, or p is appended). The color or shade of the compressive
quadrants can be specified with the -G option. The color or shade of
the extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E option. Append u
to have the text appear below the beach ball (default is above). Param-
eters are expected to be in the following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-: option interchanges order) 3:
depth of event in kilometers 4,5: strike, dip of plane 1 6: strike
of plane 2 7: must be -1/+1 for a normal/inverse fault 8: magnitude
9,10: longitude, latitude at which to place beach ball. Entries in
these columns are necessary with the -C option. Using (0,0) in col-
umns 9 and 10 will plot the beach ball at the longitude, latitude
given in columns 1 and 2. The -: option will interchange the order
of columns (1,2) and (9,10). 11: Text string to appear above or
below the beach ball (optional).
-Sx|y|tscale[/fontsize[/offset[u]]]
Principal axis. scale adjusts the scaling of the radius of the abeach
balla, which will be proportional to the magnitude. Scale is the size
for magnitude = 5 (that is seismic scalar moment = 4*10e+23 dynes-cm)
in inch (unless c, i, or p is appended). (-T0 option overlays best dou-
ble couple transparently.) Use -Sx to plot standard Harvard CMT. Use
-Sy to plot only the double couple part of moment tensor. Use -St to
plot zero trace moment tensor. The color or shade of the compressive
quadrants can be specified with the -G option. The color or shade of
the extensive quadrants can be specified with the -E option. Append u
to have the text appear below the beach ball (default is above). Param-
eters are expected to be in the following columns:
1,2: longitude, latitude of event (-: option interchanges order) 3:
depth of event in kilometers 4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12: value (in
10*exponent dynes-cm), azimuth, plunge of T, N, P axis. 13: expo-
nent 14,15: longitude, latitude at which to place beach ball.
Entries in these columns are necessary with the -C option. Using
(0,0) in columns 14 and 15 will plot the beach ball at the longi-
tude, latitude given in columns 1 and 2. The -: option will inter-
change the order of columns (1,2) and (14,15). 16: Text string to
appear above or below the beach ball (optional).
OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS
-B[p|s]parameters (more a|)
Set map boundary frame and axes attributes.
-C[pen][Ppointsize]
Offsets focal mechanisms to the longitude, latitude specified in
the last two columns of the input file before the (optional)
text string. A small circle is plotted at the initial location
and a line connects the beachball to the circle. Specify pen
and/or pointsize to change the line style and/or size of the
circle. [Defaults: pen as given by -W; pointsize 0].
-Ddepmin/depmax
Plots events between depmin and depmax.
-Efill Selects filling of extensive quadrants. Usually white. Set the
color [Default is white].
-Fmode[args]
Sets one or more attributes; repeatable. The various combina-
tions are
-Fa[size][/P_axis_symbol[T_axis_symbol]]
Computes and plots P and T axes with symbols. Optionally specify
size and (separate) P and T axis symbols from the following: (c)
circle, (d) diamond, (h) hexagon, (i) inverse triangle, (p)
point, (s) square, (t) triangle, (x) cross. [Default: 6p/cc]
-Fefill
Sets the color or fill pattern for the T axis symbol. [Default
as set by -E]
-Fgfill
Sets the color or fill pattern for the P axis symbol. [Default
as set by -G]
-Fo Use the psvelomeca input format without depth in the third col-
umn.
-Fp[pen]
Draws the P axis outline using default pen (see -W), or sets pen
attributes.
-Fr[fill]
Draw a box behind the label (if any). [Default fill is white]
-Ft[pen]
Draws the T axis outline using default pen (see -W), or sets pen
attributes.
-Fz[pen]
Overlay zero trace moment tensor using default pen (see -W), or
sets pen attributes.
-Gfill Selects filling of focal mechanisms. By convention, the compres-
sional quadrants of the focal mechanism beach balls are shaded.
Set the color [Default is black].
-K (more a|)
Do not finalize the PostScript plot.
-Lpen Draws the abeach balla outline with pen attributes instead of
with the default pen set by -W.
-M Use the same size for any magnitude. Size is given with -S.
-N Does not skip symbols that fall outside frame boundary specified
by -R [Default plots symbols inside frame only].
-O (more a|)
Append to existing PostScript plot.
-P (more a|)
Select aPortraita plot orientation.
-T[num_of_planes][/pen]
Plots the nodal planes and outlines the bubble which is trans-
parent. If num_of_planes is
0: both nodal planes are plotted;
1: only the first nodal plane is plotted;
2: only the second nodal plane is plotted.
Append /pen to set the pen attributes for this feature. Default
pen is as set by -W.
-U[[just]/dx/dy/][c|label] (more a|)
Draw GMT time stamp logo on plot.
-V[level] (more a|)
Select verbosity level [c].
-Wpen Set pen attributes for all lines and the outline of symbols
[Defaults: width = default, color = black, style = solid]. This
setting applies to -C, -L, -T, -p, -t, and -Fz, unless overruled
by options to those arguments.
-X[a|c|f|r][x-shift[u]]
-Y[a|c|f|r][y-shift[u]] (more a|)
Shift plot origin.
-Zcpt Give a CPT and let compressive part color be determined by the
z-value in the third column.
-dinodata (more a|)
Replace input columns that equal nodata with NaN.
-e[~]^<i>apattern^<i>a | -e[~]/regexp/[i] (more a|)
Only accept data records that match the given pattern.
-h[i|o][n][+c][+d][+rremark][+rtitle] (more a|)
Skip or produce header record(s).
-icols[+l][+sscale][+ooffset][,^<i>a|] (more a|)
Select input columns and transformations (0 is first column).
-t[transp] (more a|)
Set PDF transparency level in percent.
-:[i|o] (more a|)
Swap 1st and 2nd column on input and/or output.
-^ or just -
Print a short message about the syntax of the command, then
exits (NOTE: on Windows just use -).
-+ or just +
Print an extensive usage (help) message, including the explana-
tion of any module-specific option (but not the GMT common
options), then exits.
-? or no arguments
Print a complete usage (help) message, including the explanation
of all options, then exits.
EXAMPLES
The following file should give a normal-faulting CMT mechanism:
gmt psmeca -R239/240/34/35.2 -Jm4c -Sc0.4 -h1 << END > test.ps
lon lat depth str dip slip st dip slip mant exp plon plat
239.384 34.556 12. 180 18 -88 0 72 -90 5.5 0 0 0
END
SEE ALSO
pspolar(1), psvelo(1), pscoupe(1), gmt(1), psbasemap(1), psxy(1)
REFERENCES
Bomford, G., Geodesy, 4th ed., Oxford University Press, 1980.
Aki, K. and P. Richards, Quantitative Seismology, Freeman, 1980.
F. A. Dahlen and Jeroen Tromp, Theoretical Seismology, Princeton, 1998,
p.167.
Cliff Frohlich, Cliffas Nodes Concerning Plotting Nodal Lines for P, Sh
and Sv
Seismological Research Letters, Volume 67, Number 1, January-February,
1996
Thorne Lay, Terry C. Wallace, Modern Global Seismology, Academic Press,
1995, p.384.
W.H. Press, S.A. Teukolsky, W.T. Vetterling, B.P. Flannery, Numerical
Recipes in C, Cambridge University press (routine jacobi)
AUTHORS
Genevieve Patau, Laboratory of Seismogenesis
<http://www.ipgp.fr/rech/sismogenese/>, Institut de Physique du Globe
de Paris, Departement de Sismologie, Paris, France
COPYRIGHT
2017, P. Wessel, W. H. F. Smith, R. Scharroo, J. Luis, and F. Wobbe
5.4.2 Jun 24, 2017 psmeca(1)
gmt5 5.4.2 - Generated Thu Jun 29 15:32:35 CDT 2017