gmtvector(1) GMT gmtvector(1)
NAME
gmtvector - Basic manipulation of Cartesian vectors
SYNOPSIS
gmtvector [ tables ] [ -Am[conf]|vector ] [ -C[i|o] ] [ -E ] [ -N ]
[ -Svector ] [ -Ta|d|D|paz|r[arg|R|s|x] ] [ -V[level] ] [ -bbinary ]
[ -dnodata ] [ -eregexp ] [ -fflags ] [ -ggaps ] [ -hheaders ] [
-iflags ] [ -oflags ] [ -:[i|o] ]
Note: No space is allowed between the option flag and the associated
arguments.
DESCRIPTION
gmtvector reads either (x, y), (x, y, z), (r, theta) or (lon, lat) [or
(lat,lon); see -:] coordinates from the first 2-3 columns on standard
input [or one or more tables]. If -fg is selected and only two items
are read (i.e., lon, lat) then these coordinates are converted to
Cartesian three-vectors on the unit sphere. Otherwise we expect (r,
theta) unless -Ci is in effect. If no file is found we expect a single
vector to be given as argument to -A; this argument will also be inter-
preted as an x/y[/z], lon/lat, or r/theta vector. The input vectors (or
the one provided via -A) are denoted the prime vector(s). Several stan-
dard vector operations (angle between vectors, cross products, vector
sums, and vector rotations) can be selected; most require a single sec-
ond vector, provided via -S. The output vectors will be converted back
to (lon, lat) or (r, theta) unless -Co is set which requests (x, y[,
z]) Cartesian coordinates.
REQUIRED ARGUMENTS
None.
OPTIONAL ARGUMENTS
table One or more ASCII [or binary, see -bi] file containing lon,lat
[lat,lon if -:] values in the first 2 columns (if -fg is given)
or (r, theta), or perhaps (x, y[, z]) if -Ci is given). If no
file is specified, gmtvector, will read from standard input.
-Am[conf]|vector
Specify a single, primary vector instead of reading tables; see
tables for possible vector formats. Alternatively, append m to
read tables and set the single, primary vector to be the mean
resultant vector first. We also compute the confidence ellipse
for the mean vector (azimuth of major axis, major axis, and
minor axis; for geographic data the axes will be reported in
km). You may optionally append the confidence level in percent
[95]. These three parameters are reported in the final three
output columns.
-C[i|o]
Select Cartesian coordinates on input and output. Append i for
input only or o for output only; otherwise both input and output
will be assumed to be Cartesian [Default is polar r/theta for
2-D data and geographic lon/lat for 3-D].
-E Convert input geographic coordinates from geodetic to geocentric
and output geographic coordinates from geocentric to geodetic.
Ignored unless -fg is in effect, and is bypassed if -C is
selected.
-N Normalize the resultant vectors prior to reporting the output
[No normalization]. This only has an effect if -Co is selected.
-S[vector]
Specify a single, secondary vector in the same format as the
first vector. Required by operations in -T that need two vectors
(average, bisector, dot product, cross product, and sum).
-Ta|d|D|paz|s|r[arg|R|x]
Specify the vector transformation of interest. Append a for
average, b for the pole of the two points bisector, d for dot
product (use D to get angle in degrees between the two vectors),
paz for the pole to the great circle specified by input vector
and the circleas az (no second vector used), s for vector sum,
rpar for vector rotation (here, par is a single angle for 2-D
Cartesian data and lon/lat/angle for a 3-D rotation pole and
angle), R will instead rotate the fixed secondary vector by the
rotations implied by the input records, and x for cross-product.
If -T is not given then no transformation takes place; the out-
put is determined by other options such as -A, -C, -E, and -N.
-V[level] (more a|)
Select verbosity level [c].
-bi[ncols][t] (more a|)
Select native binary input. [Default is 2 or 3 input columns].
-d[i|o]nodata (more a|)
Replace input columns that equal nodata with NaN and do the
reverse on output.
-e[~]^<i>apattern^<i>a | -e[~]/regexp/[i] (more a|)
Only accept data records that match the given pattern.
-f[i|o]colinfo (more a|)
Specify data types of input and/or output columns.
-g[a]x|y|d|X|Y|D|[col]z[+|-]gap[u] (more a|)
Determine data gaps and line breaks.
-h[i|o][n][+c][+d][+rremark][+rtitle] (more a|)
Skip or produce header record(s).
-icols[+l][+sscale][+ooffset][,^<i>a|] (more a|)
Select input columns and transformations (0 is first column).
-ocols[,a|] (more a|)
Select output columns (0 is first column).
-:[i|o] (more a|)
Swap 1st and 2nd column on input and/or output.
-^ or just -
Print a short message about the syntax of the command, then
exits (NOTE: on Windows just use -).
-+ or just +
Print an extensive usage (help) message, including the explana-
tion of any module-specific option (but not the GMT common
options), then exits.
-? or no arguments
Print a complete usage (help) message, including the explanation
of all options, then exits.
ASCII FORMAT PRECISION
The ASCII output formats of numerical data are controlled by parameters
in your gmt.conf file. Longitude and latitude are formatted according
to FORMAT_GEO_OUT, absolute time is under the control of FOR-
MAT_DATE_OUT and FORMAT_CLOCK_OUT, whereas general floating point val-
ues are formatted according to FORMAT_FLOAT_OUT. Be aware that the for-
mat in effect can lead to loss of precision in ASCII output, which can
lead to various problems downstream. If you find the output is not
written with enough precision, consider switching to binary output (-bo
if available) or specify more decimals using the FORMAT_FLOAT_OUT set-
ting.
EXAMPLES
Suppose you have a file with lon, lat called points.txt. You want to
compute the spherical angle between each of these points and the loca-
tion 133/34. Try
gmt vector points.txt -S133/34 -TD -fg > angles.txt
To rotate the same points 35 degrees around a pole at 133/34, and out-
put Cartesian 3-D vectors, use
gmt vector points.txt -Tr133/34/35 -Co -fg > reconstructed.txt
To rotate the point 65/33 by all rotations given in file rots.txt, use
gmt vector rots.txt -TR -S64/33 -fg > reconstructed.txt
To compute the cross-product between the two Cartesian vectors 0.5/1/2
and 1/0/0.4, and normalizing the result, try
gmt vector -A0.5/1/2 -Tx -S1/0/0.4 -N -C > cross.txt
To rotate the 2-D vector, given in polar form as r = 2 and theta = 35,
by an angle of 120, try
gmt vector -A2/35 -Tr120 > rotated.txt
To find the mid-point along the great circle connecting the points
123/35 and -155/-30, use
gmt vector -A123/35 -S-155/-30 -Ta -fg > midpoint.txt
To find the mean location of the geographical points listed in
points.txt, with its 99% confidence ellipse, use
gmt vector points.txt -Am99 -fg > centroid.txt
To find the pole corresponding to the great circle that goes through
the point -30/60 at an azimuth of 105 degrees, use
gmt vector -A-30/60 -Tp105 -fg > pole.txt
ROTATIONS
For more advanced 3-D rotations as used in plate tectonic reconstruc-
tions, see the GMT aspottera supplement.
SEE ALSO
gmt(1), project(1), mapproject(1)
COPYRIGHT
2017, P. Wessel, W. H. F. Smith, R. Scharroo, J. Luis, and F. Wobbe
5.4.2 Jun 24, 2017 gmtvector(1)
gmt5 5.4.2 - Generated Wed Jun 28 18:04:18 CDT 2017