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Table of Contents

1. Introduction
2. The GNU Build System
- 2.1 Automake
- 2.2 Gnulib
- 2.3 Libtool
- 2.4 Pointers
3. Making configure Scripts
- 3.1 Writing ‘configure.ac’
- 3.2 Using autoscan to Create ‘configure.ac’
- 3.3 Using ifnames to List Conditionals
- 3.4 Using autoconf to Create configure
- 3.5 Using autoreconf to Update configure Scripts
4. Initialization and Output Files
- 4.1 Initializing configure
- 4.2 Dealing with Autoconf versions
- 4.3 Notices in configure
- 4.4 Finding configure Input
- 4.5 Outputting Files
- 4.6 Performing Configuration Actions
- 4.7 Creating Configuration Files
- 4.8 Substitutions in Makefiles
- 4.9 Configuration Header Files
- 4.10 Running Arbitrary Configuration Commands
- 4.11 Creating Configuration Links
- 4.12 Configuring Other Packages in Subdirectories
- 4.13 Default Prefix
5. Existing Tests
- 5.1 Common Behavior
  - 5.1.1 Standard Symbols
  - 5.1.2 Default Includes
- 5.2 Alternative Programs
  - 5.2.1 Particular Program Checks
  - 5.2.2 Generic Program and File Checks
- 5.3 Files
- 5.4 Library Files
- 5.5 Library Functions
- 5.6 Header Files
- 5.7 Declarations
  - 5.7.1 Particular Declaration Checks
  - 5.7.2 Generic Declaration Checks
- 5.8 Structures
  - 5.8.1 Particular Structure Checks
  - 5.8.2 Generic Structure Checks
- 5.9 Types
  - 5.9.1 Particular Type Checks
  - 5.9.2 Generic Type Checks
- 5.10 Compilers and Preprocessors
- 5.11 System Services
- 5.12 Posix Variants
- 5.13 Erlang Libraries
6. Writing Tests
- 6.1 Language Choice
- 6.2 Writing Test Programs
- 6.3 Running the Preprocessor
- 6.4 Running the Compiler
- 6.5 Running the Linker
- 6.6 Checking Runtime Behavior
- 6.7 Systemology
- 6.8 Multiple Cases
7. Results of Tests
- 7.1 Defining C Preprocessor Symbols
- 7.2 Setting Output Variables
- 7.3 Special Characters in Output Variables
- 7.4 Caching Results
- 7.5 Printing Messages
8. Programming in M4
- 8.1 M4 Quotation
- 8.2 Using autom4te
  - 8.2.1 Invoking autom4te
  - 8.2.2 Customizing autom4te
- 8.3 Programming in M4sugar
- 8.4 Debugging via autom4te
9. Programming in M4sh
- 9.1 Common Shell Constructs
- 9.2 Support for indirect variable names
- 9.3 Initialization Macros
- 9.4 File Descriptor Macros
10. Writing Autoconf Macros
- 10.1 Macro Definitions
- 10.2 Macro Names
- 10.3 Reporting Messages
- 10.4 Dependencies Between Macros
- 10.5 Obsoleting Macros
- 10.6 Coding Style
11. Portable Shell Programming
- 11.1 Shellology
- 11.2 Here-Documents
- 11.3 File Descriptors
- 11.4 File System Conventions
- 11.5 Shell Pattern Matching
- 11.6 Shell Substitutions
- 11.7 Assignments
- 11.8 Parentheses in Shell Scripts
- 11.9 Slashes in Shell Scripts
- 11.10 Special Shell Variables
- 11.11 Shell Functions
- 11.12 Limitations of Shell Builtins
- 11.13 Limitations of Usual Tools
12. Portable Make Programming
- 12.1 $< in Ordinary Make Rules
- 12.2 Failure in Make Rules
- 12.3 Special Characters in Make Macro Names
- 12.4 Backslash-Newline-Newline in Make Macro Values
- 12.5 Backslash-Newline in Make Comments
- 12.6 Long Lines in Makefiles
- 12.7 make macro=value and Submakes
- 12.8 The Make Macro MAKEFLAGS
- 12.9 The Make Macro SHELL
- 12.10 Parallel Make
- 12.11 Comments in Make Rules
- 12.12 The ‘obj/’ Subdirectory and Make
- 12.13 Exit Status of make -k
- 12.14 VPATH and Make
- 12.15 Single Suffix Rules and Separated Dependencies
- 12.16 Timestamp Resolution and Make
13. Portable C and C++ Programming
- 13.1 Varieties of Unportability
- 13.2 Integer Overflow
- 13.3 Preprocessor Arithmetic
- 13.4 Properties of Null Pointers
- 13.5 Buffer Overruns and Subscript Errors
- 13.6 Volatile Objects
- 13.7 Floating Point Portability
- 13.8 Exiting Portably
14. Manual Configuration
- 14.1 Specifying target triplets
- 14.2 Getting the Canonical System Type
- 14.3 Using the System Type
15. Site Configuration
- 15.1 Controlling Help Output
- 15.2 Working With External Software
- 15.3 Choosing Package Options
- 15.4 Making Your Help Strings Look Pretty
- 15.5 Controlling Checking of configure Options
- 15.6 Configuring Site Details
- 15.7 Transforming Program Names When Installing
- 15.8 Setting Site Defaults
16. Running configure Scripts
- 16.1 Basic Installation
- 16.2 Compilers and Options
- 16.3 Compiling For Multiple Architectures
- 16.4 Installation Names
- 16.5 Optional Features
- 16.6 Particular systems
- 16.7 Specifying the System Type
- 16.8 Sharing Defaults
- 16.9 Defining Variables
- 16.10 configure Invocation
17. config.status Invocation
18. Obsolete Constructs
- 18.1 Obsolete ‘config.status’ Invocation
- 18.2 ‘acconfig.h’
- 18.3 Using autoupdate to Modernize ‘configure.ac’
- 18.4 Obsolete Macros
- 18.5 Upgrading From Version 1
- 18.6 Upgrading From Version 2.13
19. Generating Test Suites with Autotest
- 19.1 Using an Autotest Test Suite
  - 19.1.1 testsuite Scripts
  - 19.1.2 Autotest Logs
- 19.2 Writing ‘testsuite.at’
- 19.3 Running testsuite Scripts
- 19.4 Making testsuite Scripts
20. Frequent Autoconf Questions, with answers
- 20.1 Distributing configure Scripts
- 20.2 Why Require GNU M4?
- 20.3 How Can I Bootstrap?
- 20.4 Why Not Imake?
- 20.5 How Do I #define Installation Directories?
- 20.6 What is ‘autom4te.cache’?
- 20.7 Header Present But Cannot Be Compiled
- 20.8 Expanded Before Required
21. History of Autoconf
- 21.1 Genesis
- 21.2 Exodus
- 21.3 Leviticus
- 21.4 Numbers
- 21.5 Deuteronomy
A. GNU Free Documentation License
B. Indices
- B.1 Environment Variable Index
- B.2 Output Variable Index
- B.3 Preprocessor Symbol Index
- B.4 Autoconf Macro Index
- B.5 M4 Macro Index
- B.6 Autotest Macro Index
- B.7 Program and Function Index
- B.8 Concept Index

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